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Jul 28, 2021 at 20:35 comment added Mike Scott @PhilPerry Mary of William and Mary was the daughter of James II, and William was the grandson of Charles I. George I got the throne because he was the closest Protestant descendant of James I. All the British monarchs since James I (& VI) have been his direct descendants.
Jul 28, 2021 at 15:01 comment added Phil Perry "there is a direct line of heritage from Queen Elizabeth II all the way to before the Norman Conquest". Hasn't the Royal Family been replaced several times with European imports (William and Mary, George I, etc.)? Are you saying that all European royalty is so interrelated that they amount to one big (un)happy family? You've got to draw the line somewhere.
S Jul 28, 2021 at 14:39 history suggested Peter Mortensen CC BY-SA 4.0
Copy edited (<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felipe_VI> and <https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/republican#Adjective> - in this context; it is not about a certain party from North America).
Jul 28, 2021 at 13:54 comment added Peter Mortensen What do you mean by "lineage to medieval institutions ... directly descending from those"? E.g., are you talking about institutions or people? Can you illustrate it with an example? Please respond by editing answer, not here in comments.
Jul 28, 2021 at 13:50 review Suggested edits
S Jul 28, 2021 at 14:39
Jul 28, 2021 at 12:21 comment added fectin @DarrelHoffman "Pope" is a traditional nickname; it's not his title anyway.
Jul 27, 2021 at 19:49 comment added Bobson I think the OP's intent was to include historical cases, not just modern monarchies.
Jul 27, 2021 at 16:44 comment added Jan Arguably, there is a direct line of heritage from Queen Elizabeth II all the way to before the Norman Conquest, i.e. the English crown always stayed within the (sometimes slightly extended) family but obviously there was the Commonwealth of the 1650's interrupting direct succession ;)
Jul 27, 2021 at 13:41 comment added user27735 @NooneAtAll "<some title> emeritus" means that the person may still be addressed with the title they used to hold, but no longer have any of the responsibilities (and few of the privileges) that title used to bestow upon them. It's commonly used e.g. for retired university professors and the like.
Jul 27, 2021 at 13:25 comment added Don Hosek @fraxinus I think that medieval monarchies are probably also a bit older than medieval, although that historical period is not my strong suit. In the Vatican case, a lot of the institutional structure was reified at the end of the medieval period with the Council of Trent, so, first and second Vatican Councils notwithstanding, it's as close to a medieval institution as exists in the modern world.
Jul 27, 2021 at 13:22 comment added Darrel Hoffman @DonHosek Well, Pope Benedict still gets to be called "pope" even though he stepped down. He's just not the Pope anymore. He chose the title of "pope emeritus", so this answer checks out in that respect, and popes technically are also Kings of the Vatican. Though there isn't a lot of precedence for this as most popes (since 1415) serve until their deaths.
Jul 27, 2021 at 12:52 comment added Noone AtAll what does "emeritus" mean?
Jul 27, 2021 at 11:47 history edited SJuan76 CC BY-SA 4.0
added 36 characters in body
Jul 27, 2021 at 8:18 comment added fraxinus Vatican can as well be seen as older than medieval.
Jul 26, 2021 at 17:02 comment added Don Hosek While it’s not hereditary, a case could be made that the Vatican is a medieval-style monarchy.
Jul 26, 2021 at 16:54 history answered SJuan76 CC BY-SA 4.0