What are the differences between Trump's old travel ban and the new one?

Question

Trump recently signed a revised executive order to restrict travellers from specified countries for 90 days.

What are some of the differences between the 2 executive orders (13769 and 13780)?

Answer 1

There are a few major difference between the two executive orders.

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Basic information

Both executive orders share the same name, but has different numbers.

• Initial Order: Protecting the Nation from Foreign Terrorist Entry into the United States (13769) - Issued and effective on Jan 27, 2017

• Revised Order: Protecting the Nation from Foreign Terrorist Entry into the United States (13780) - Issued on Mar 6, 2017, effective on Mar 16, 2017

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1. Iraq is now not included in the revised travel ban.

As quoted from the fact sheet provided by the White House:

On the basis of negotiations that have taken place between the Government of Iraq and the U.S. Department of State in the last month, Iraq will increase cooperation with the U.S. Government on the vetting of its citizens applying for a visa to travel to the United States. As a result of this increased information sharing, Iraqi citizens are not affected by the Executive Order.

This is likely due to lobbying from the Iraqi government, as quoted from this CNN article:

Iraq was removed from the revised travel ban executive order after intensive lobbying from the Iraqi government at the highest levels, according to a senior US official.

That included a phone call between Trump and Iraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi on February 10 and an in-person conversation between Abadi and Vice President Mike Pence in Munich on February 18.

(emphasis mine)

2. Visas previously issued will be valid.

All visas that were issued before the effective date of the order will continue to be valid.

Text of the executive order:

(a) Scope. Subject to the exceptions set forth in subsection (b) of this section and any waiver under subsection (c) of this section, the suspension of entry pursuant to section 2 of this order shall apply only to foreign nationals of the designated countries who:

(i) are outside the United States on the effective date of this order;

(ii) did not have a valid visa at 5:00 p.m., eastern standard time on January 27, 2017; and

(iii) do not have a valid visa on the effective date of this order.

(emphasis mine)

WH FAQ:

Thus any individual who had a valid visa either on January 27, 2017 (prior to 5:00 PM) or holds a valid visa on the effective date of the Executive Order is not barred from entry.

(emphasis mine)

3. It will not go into effect immediately.

The effective date of the order is 12:01am EDT on March 16.

Technically, this means that citizens from the mentioned countries can continue to apply for visas for 10 days, though it is not mentioned if any applications will be approved.

4. Permanent residents are not included in the ban

Lawful permanent residents or green-card holders will not be included in the ban.

(b) Exceptions. The suspension of entry pursuant to section 2 of this order shall not apply to:

(i) any lawful permanent resident of the United States;

[ ... ]

(emphasis mine)

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Useful links:

• White House FAQ
• White House Factsheet

Answer 2

Adding some points to Panda's answer:

• The new order clarifies the situation for dual citizens. Travelers will be treated based on the passport they present; for instance, a British citizen can still enter even if she is also a Syrian citizen, as long as she is traveling on her British passport.
• Anyone who had a visa when the last order took effect can travel; even if the visa was revoked based on the last order, the new order provides for them to get a document allowing them to travel to the US.
• Anyone in the US when the order goes into effect is not affected, nor is anyone admitted after the order goes into effect (so if you get a waiver and travel to the US, you don't need to reapply for a waiver to come a second time).
• Consular officers now have the authority to waive the suspension, and there are examples in the order of when a waiver may be justified.
• The refugee program is still suspended, but there is no longer a priority for religious minorities.

Answer 3

Two points in addition to those already made:

• The new order applies to nationals of the indicated countries. The first order applied (ambiguously, vaguely, and confusingly) to aliens from the indicated countries.

• The new order explicitly names six countries; the first order indicated the affected countries by reference to a section of the law that governs the Visa Waiver Program.

Here's the relevant part of the new order, emphasis added:

I hereby proclaim, pursuant to sections 212(f) and 215(a) of the INA, 8 U.S.C. 1182(f) and 1185(a), that the unrestricted entry into the United States of nationals of Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, and Yemen would be detrimental to the interests of the United States. I therefore direct that the entry into the United States of nationals of those six countries be suspended for 90 days from the effective date of this order, subject to the limitations, waivers, and exceptions set forth in sections 3 and 12 of this order.

Here's the analogous part of the first order, emphasis added:

... pursuant to section 212(f) of the INA, 8 U.S.C. 1182(f), I hereby proclaim that the immigrant and nonimmigrant entry into the United States of aliens from countries referred to in section 217(a)(12) of the INA, 8 U.S.C. 1187(a)(12), would be detrimental to the interests of the United States, and I hereby suspend entry into the United States, as immigrants and nonimmigrants, of such persons for 90 days from the date of this order (excluding those foreign nationals traveling on diplomatic visas, North Atlantic Treaty Organization visas, C-2 visas for travel to the United Nations, and G-1, G-2, G-3, and G-4 visas).