Probably not.
If you are satisfied with merely a counter example, it should be clear from the below image that the 2000 election showed the exact opposite distribution to the one you described in your question.
I suspect we don't have the data to provide the direct answer, as polling is a relatively recent phenomenon. As a result, we likely don't have such an age breakdown except in relatively more recent elections, and we don't have much gauge of even overall national opinion (outside of elections) that predates WWII... However, the following does show that the suggestion given in your question (that younger are always liberal and conservatives are always older) is incorrect. The following shows evidence for a trend that may instead give hints about the demographic distribution of political opinions in earlier eras.
According to this Pew Research says:
the relationship is considerably more complex than young=liberal and
old=conservative.
and
A recent paper by two Columbia University researchers that combined
multiple survey data sources finds evidence of this sort of
generational imprinting. Their study identified five main generations
of presidential voters, each shaped by political events during their
formative years: New Deal Democrats, Eisenhower Republicans, Baby
Boomers, Reagan Conservatives and Millennials. (The researchers note,
however, that their model works best among non-Hispanic whites.)
Amanda Cox of The Upshot (The New York Times’ data blog) has created a
fascinating interactive visualization of the researchers’ model.
Pew Research Center surveys over the past two decades also have found
compelling evidence that generations carry with them the imprint of
early political experiences.
So it seems that rather, politics is imprinted upon generations who largely hold the same views throughout life. "Older" people are more right leaning currently because they were from the anti-communist cold war era, but the oldest people, from the greatest generation, who fought alongside the communists against the fascists in WWII and supported Roosevelt's New Deal, are more likely to vote democrat.
Pictured below is a more granular breakdown of this relationship by age.
Conventional wisdom goes that people become more conservative as they grow older, or rather that people stay the same and that society become more progressive. Either way, it follows that older age groups are more conservative than younger ones.
