Regarding COVID-19 response, we have the stringency index. But I wonder, is there any source that documented the first law implementation date or month regarding societal restrictions (social distancing, school closures, workplace closures, and travel bans) in each country?
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The data for the stringency index linked in the question comes from the University of Oxford's Covid-19 Government Response Tracker. In order to calculate this index, manually collated data on policy decisions is used - these are described in their GitHub repo here, and fall into a number of categories:
- C - containment and closure policies
- E - economic policies
- H - health system policies
- V - vaccination policies
- M - miscellaneous policies
Timeseries data on the implementation of these policies can be found here. Focusing in particular on the 'C - containment and closure policies', as I think these most closely reflect the social restriction policies you describe, we can identify which countries/areas are recorded as implementing these policies first. For example, looking at table C1_School closing, the first area reported as implementing school closures is Macao on January 24th. With a bit of googling, we can see that this correlates to this press release.
The 'C-category' policies are:
- Closings of schools and universities
- Closings of workplaces
- Cancelling public events
- Limits on gatherings
- Closing of public transport
- Orders to "shelter-in-place" and otherwise confine to the home
- Restrictions on internal movement between cities/regions
- Restrictions on international travel
If we wanted to look at the date of first implementation of any of these C-category policies by country, we can sum up these tables and look at the first date column which records a non-zero number for each country. This gives the below data. For some reason, there is no data recorded for Comoros.
| Country | Date of first implementation of social restrictions |
| ---------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------- |
| Singapore | 01/01/2020 |
| Hong Kong | 01/01/2020 |
| Taiwan | 01/01/2020 |
| Macao | 06/01/2020 |
| Japan | 07/01/2020 |
| Turkmenistan | 08/01/2020 |
| Bhutan | 15/01/2020 |
| Guyana | 18/01/2020 |
| Indonesia | 18/01/2020 |
| Kenya | 20/01/2020 |
| Uganda | 20/01/2020 |
| Guatemala | 21/01/2020 |
| France | 22/01/2020 |
| China | 22/01/2020 |
| Serbia | 22/01/2020 |
| Canada | 22/01/2020 |
| Panama | 22/01/2020 |
| Kyrgyz Republic | 22/01/2020 |
| Bangladesh | 22/01/2020 |
| United Arab Emirates | 23/01/2020 |
| South Africa | 23/01/2020 |
| Italy | 23/01/2020 |
| Qatar | 24/01/2020 |
| Ghana | 24/01/2020 |
| Turkey | 24/01/2020 |
| Monaco | 24/01/2020 |
| Nepal | 25/01/2020 |
| Vietnam | 25/01/2020 |
| India | 26/01/2020 |
| Barbados | 26/01/2020 |
| Sri Lanka | 26/01/2020 |
| Rwanda | 27/01/2020 |
| Czech Republic | 27/01/2020 |
| Romania | 27/01/2020 |
| Mongolia | 27/01/2020 |
| Papua New Guinea | 27/01/2020 |
| Bahrain | 27/01/2020 |
| Tonga | 27/01/2020 |
| Georgia | 28/01/2020 |
| Ethiopia | 28/01/2020 |
| Botswana | 28/01/2020 |
| Zimbabwe | 28/01/2020 |
| Kazakhstan | 29/01/2020 |
| Iceland | 29/01/2020 |
| Eswatini | 29/01/2020 |
| Russia | 30/01/2020 |
| Azerbaijan | 30/01/2020 |
| Brunei | 30/01/2020 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 30/01/2020 |
| Tanzania | 30/01/2020 |
| Puerto Rico | 30/01/2020 |
| Malaysia | 30/01/2020 |
| El Salvador | 31/01/2020 |
| Jamaica | 31/01/2020 |
| South Korea | 31/01/2020 |
| Philippines | 31/01/2020 |
| Pakistan | 31/01/2020 |
| Syria | 01/02/2020 |
| Benin | 01/02/2020 |
| Kiribati | 01/02/2020 |
| Australia | 01/02/2020 |
| Myanmar | 01/02/2020 |
| Belize | 02/02/2020 |
| United States | 02/02/2020 |
| New Zealand | 02/02/2020 |
| Israel | 02/02/2020 |
| Timor-Leste | 03/02/2020 |
| Bulgaria | 03/02/2020 |
| Oman | 03/02/2020 |
| Tajikistan | 03/02/2020 |
| Fiji | 03/02/2020 |
| Haiti | 04/02/2020 |
| Croatia | 04/02/2020 |
| Mauritania | 05/02/2020 |
| Angola | 06/02/2020 |
| Solomon Islands | 06/02/2020 |
| Finland | 06/02/2020 |
| Gabon | 07/02/2020 |
| Bermuda | 07/02/2020 |
| Seychelles | 07/02/2020 |
| Lebanon | 08/02/2020 |
| Libya | 10/02/2020 |
| Mozambique | 11/02/2020 |
| Iran | 20/02/2020 |
| Iraq | 20/02/2020 |
| Democratic Republic of Congo | 20/02/2020 |
| Nicaragua | 21/02/2020 |
| Zambia | 21/02/2020 |
| Kuwait | 21/02/2020 |
| Cuba | 21/02/2020 |
| Afghanistan | 23/02/2020 |
| Malta | 23/02/2020 |
| San Marino | 23/02/2020 |
| Colombia | 24/02/2020 |
| South Sudan | 24/02/2020 |
| Switzerland | 25/02/2020 |
| Albania | 25/02/2020 |
| Germany | 26/02/2020 |
| Moldova | 26/02/2020 |
| Latvia | 27/02/2020 |
| Cape Verde | 27/02/2020 |
| Liechtenstein | 28/02/2020 |
| Mexico | 28/02/2020 |
| Greece | 29/02/2020 |
| Namibia | 01/03/2020 |
| Vanuatu | 01/03/2020 |
| Uzbekistan | 01/03/2020 |
| Ecuador | 02/03/2020 |
| Sweden | 02/03/2020 |
| Congo | 03/03/2020 |
| Denmark | 03/03/2020 |
| Faeroe Islands | 04/03/2020 |
| Belgium | 04/03/2020 |
| Tunisia | 04/03/2020 |
| Palestine | 05/03/2020 |
| Burundi | 05/03/2020 |
| Thailand | 06/03/2020 |
| Lesotho | 06/03/2020 |
| Peru | 06/03/2020 |
| Slovak Republic | 06/03/2020 |
| Slovenia | 07/03/2020 |
| Cambodia | 07/03/2020 |
| Guinea | 07/03/2020 |
| Chad | 08/03/2020 |
| Saudi Arabia | 08/03/2020 |
| Luxembourg | 09/03/2020 |
| Hungary | 09/03/2020 |
| Austria | 09/03/2020 |
| Spain | 09/03/2020 |
| Poland | 09/03/2020 |
| Portugal | 09/03/2020 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 10/03/2020 |
| Liberia | 10/03/2020 |
| Costa Rica | 10/03/2020 |
| Paraguay | 10/03/2020 |
| Netherlands | 10/03/2020 |
| Algeria | 10/03/2020 |
| Norway | 10/03/2020 |
| Cyprus | 10/03/2020 |
| Mali | 11/03/2020 |
| Argentina | 11/03/2020 |
| Kosovo | 11/03/2020 |
| Eritrea | 11/03/2020 |
| Laos | 11/03/2020 |
| Venezuela | 12/03/2020 |
| Burkina Faso | 12/03/2020 |
| Ireland | 12/03/2020 |
| Bolivia | 12/03/2020 |
| Lithuania | 12/03/2020 |
| Ukraine | 12/03/2020 |
| Brazil | 12/03/2020 |
| Estonia | 12/03/2020 |
| Honduras | 13/03/2020 |
| Greenland | 13/03/2020 |
| Andorra | 13/03/2020 |
| Uruguay | 13/03/2020 |
| Suriname | 13/03/2020 |
| Morocco | 13/03/2020 |
| Niger | 13/03/2020 |
| Cameroon | 13/03/2020 |
| United Kingdom | 13/03/2020 |
| Somalia | 14/03/2020 |
| Belarus | 14/03/2020 |
| Sudan | 14/03/2020 |
| Senegal | 14/03/2020 |
| Yemen | 15/03/2020 |
| Egypt | 15/03/2020 |
| Madagascar | 15/03/2020 |
| Chile | 15/03/2020 |
| Jordan | 15/03/2020 |
| Dominican Republic | 16/03/2020 |
| Guam | 16/03/2020 |
| Sierra Leone | 16/03/2020 |
| Bahamas | 16/03/2020 |
| Cote d'Ivoire | 16/03/2020 |
| Togo | 16/03/2020 |
| Aruba | 16/03/2020 |
| Mauritius | 18/03/2020 |
| Djibouti | 18/03/2020 |
| United States Virgin Islands | 18/03/2020 |
| Nigeria | 18/03/2020 |
| Gambia | 18/03/2020 |
| Malawi | 20/03/2020 |
| Dominica | 22/03/2020 |
| Central African Republic | 26/03/2020 |